Automatic nozzle foe hose pipes



(No Model.) I

L. D. SHAW.

AUTOMATIC NOZZLE FOR HOSE PIPES.

Patented Sept 5, .1882.

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LORiNG I). Sl'iAW, OF BIBLE-"051 MASSACHUSETTS.

AUTQWEATEC MUZZLE FKTJR HO SE PEPES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 263,531, dated September 5, 18-82.

Application tiled lilny 26, 1882. ("So model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LORING D. SHAW, a citizen oi the United States, residing at Meirose, in the county of Middlesex and State oi Massachusetts, haveinvented an Automatic or Self-Controlling Nozzle for Ilosedipes, ot which the following is a full, cleazgnnd exact description, reference being had to the accompunying drawings, melting port of this specitication, in Which---' Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the center of the nozzle of nhose-pipe coir struetcd in accordance with my invention, the valve being open. Fig. 2 is a similar section, on a reduced scale, showingtho position ofthe parts when the valve is closed. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line a: :v of Fig. l.

Ilose'pipcs have heretofore been IlZ'Or'itlitl with stop-cocks or valves of various constructions to enable the hoseman to shut olt' the stream of water at the nozzle without the necessity of closing the hydrant or tire-plug, or stopping the fire-engine or pump, a reliefvalve being used where an engine or pump is employed to prevent the bursting of the hose when the water is shut off at the hosepipe. These stop-cocksor other shut-cit devices when applied to hose-pipes have, however, proved ohjeotionuble on account of the diliiculty of keeping them tight and preve'i iting leakage, and also on account of tho dilliculty of opernting them, caused by the excessive friction produced by the great pressure of the water thereon.

My invention has for its object to overcome these objections and to prdvide a. hose-pipe nozzle in which the pressure of the water itself is caused to automatically close or open.

7 the valve which controls the stream, irhon iii lowed to do so, by theopening or closing of :1 small. uuxilinry valve or 0001:, which can he turned with a very slig' t expenditure of power, lheconstructionend arrangement of parts be ing such asto insure freedom from wear and leakage, and great durability.

In the said drawings, A represents the nozzle of a hose-pipe, within which is located a short cylinder, 13, forming an annular chumber, 0, between the two, which is open at its upperend, 5, and closed at its lower end by the flange or partition a.

Over the cylinder B slides a snugly-fitting cylinder, D, provided at its bottom with an an outer flange, I), which closely fits the chamber 0, and is provided ntits outer edge with a packing, 0, thus forming :1 piston which free to be moved up and down within the chamber C.

To the flange I) are secured a series of rods or arms,d, which extend upthrough the chamber U, and are curved inward at'their upper ends, which are secured to ti double-pointed spherical plngor valve, G, which is adapted to lit and tightly close the interior otthe nozzle at the point e, where its diameter is contracted,

thus formingu valve for shuttingoit' the stream of water.

When the parts are in the position seen in Fig. i the water flows from the body or main portion of the pipe through th'ecylinderB and completely encircles the plugG, passing freely out through the open endf of the nozzle, the water at the some time filling the chamber 0 and exerting its full pressurebackward upon grentertlian the cross-sectional area of the the piston D b, the surface area of which is water against the upper side of the piston is suiiicient to hold it inunovaol-y against the pressure ofthe water upon the innersideof the plug, which is thus prevented from beingcnrried? against its seat 0 and shutting 011 the stream, as would otherwise be the case.

On one side of the nozzle, immediately below the chamber 0, is placed a, small auxiliary valve or stop-cock, ll, provided with it handle,

g, the plug 6 of the cool: having a transverse aperture or passage, 2, which can be brought into communication simultaneously with two apertures, k i, in the shellof the valve, placed opposite to or in line with each other, the for.mer,

is, communicating with the interior of the pipe or nozzle and the latter with the hottom of the chamber i'l, and thus when it is desired to close the main valve G- and shut oil the stream the cock H is turned into the position seen in Fig, .3, pipe will be admitted to the bottom of the chamber 0 at full pressure, thus equalizing the water-pressure upon both sides of the piston Db, when the pressure of the water on the innor side of the plug G will immediately force it up against its seat 0 and shut 011' the stream of water. When it is desired to again let on the stream of water the cook 11 is turned onewhen the water from thointerior of the IOO quarter way rhund, which shuts on the water from the bottom of the chamber 0, and atthe same-time brings a passage, m, in the plug 6,

' ns'the latter is forced downward by the presserect the wateron its upper side, this downward movement of the piston thus causing the plug G to bedrawn away from its seat 0 into the position seen in Fig. 1 to let on the stream, as desired.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the pressure of the water is caused to automatically operate the plug G in both directions to shut elf or let on the stream, the only manual force required being that needed to turn the cock H, which, on account of its small size and the absence of pressure thereon, can be operated with the greatest ease, thus entirely avoiding one of the greatest objections incident to the use of shut-off nozzles as heretofore constructed. Furthermore, as the main valve G is merely moved toward and away from its seat and is not subjected to any rubbing actiom-it isi'ree from liability to wear and leak when closed, as is the case with large ground sugftaces moving in contact with each other.

ilhe above-describednozzle possesses the advantages of extreme simplicity, cheapness tor construction, and non-liability to get out of mus while it can be closed very gradually, if

desired, by turning the cock H in such maunet as to admitthe Water slowly into the bottorn-of the chamber G beneath the piston, there;-

adaptingthe nozzle to be used with bydrants or fire-plugs without the employment oil-a .relict valve, as the sudden increase of pressure ordinarily produced by shutting oh" the stream is avoided.

When, however, the nozzle is to be used with fire-engines or steampumps, the usual relief-valve is to be employed to preventthe bursting of the hose when the stream is shut off by the closing of the valve G.

it is evident that the construction of the auxiliary valve or cook Hmay be varied, if desired, as any suitable easily-operated valve or cook which will admit the water to'the chamber Obeneath the piston and allow it to escape therefrom into the atmosphere may be empioyed'without departing from the spirit or n y'invention; and, if desired, the shape of the lug or valve G may be varied; but 1 prefor to make it of the form shown and described.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

a acm /an 1. In a hose-pipe nozzle, the valve or plug G, connected with and operated by a piston working in an open chamber, and having a surface area greater than the cross-sectional area of the valve or plug, whereby the backward pressure of the water on the piston is caused to hold the valve open against its tendency to be closed by the pressure of the water thereon, in combination with means for admitting water into the chamber beneath the piston to equalize the pressure upon opposite sides thereof, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. y I

2. in a hose-pipe nozzle, the combination, with the annular open chamber C, the piston l) b, sliding therein, and the valve or plug G, connected by the rods d with the piston, of an auxiliary cook or valve, H, adapted when turned in one position to admit water from the pipe or nozzie into the chamber 0 beneath the piston to equalize the pressure'upon opposite sides thereof, and thus cause the valve G- to be automatically closed, and when turned into another position to shut off the water from the bottom of the chamber and allow. that contained therein beneath the piston to escape tocausethevalveGto beautomaticallyopened, substantially as described.

3. In a hose-pipe nozzle, the combination of the cylinder l3 and the open annular chamber C, both adapted to contain water at the same pressure, the piston 1) b, 'andvalve G, connectcd together and having difl'erent surface areas exposed to the pressure of the water, and the valve or cook II, with its passages i m and apertures Z, all constructed to operate substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

a. The combination, with a hosepipe nozzle having a valve-seat, e, of the spherical plug G, adapted to more longitudinally within the nozzle in the line of its axis, and a piston working in an open chamber, and having a surface area greater than that of the cr ss-sectional area of the plug, and means whereby the press are of the water is caused automatically to shut oif or leton the stream, as required, substarn tially as set forth.-

Witness my hand this 23d day of May, A.

,LORING n. SHAW.

- In presence ofii. E, Tnsoirnmncirnm W. J CAM RIDGE. 

